The believability of a set of observations of learning (or teaching) depend in part upon the reliability of the observation or testing procedures used, in part upon the accuracy of the data obtained, and in part upon the validity of the conclusions which the researcher has drawn from the data which was collected. Without believable data, the. This research proposes the use of an IPMAP for providing metadata about the source and processing of primary data, and derives a framework for assessing data quality-in-use from dual-process theories of human cognition. This research proposes the use of an IPMAP for providing metadata about the source and processing of primary data, in order to enhance its believability.